The aim of this special issue titled " Immunotherapy" is to enhance effective health care delivery by giving researchers opportunity to share their recent findings in the stimulation of immune system .

Immunotherapy is the "treatment of disease by inducing, enhancing, or suppressing an immune response". Immunotherapies designed to elicit or amplify an immune response are classified as activation immunotherapies, while immunotherapies that reduce or suppress are classified as suppression immunotherapy

The active agents of immunotherapy are collectively called immunomodulators. They are diverse array of recombinants, synthetic and natural preparations, often cytokines. Some of these substances, such as granulocyte colony-stimulating factor, interferon, imiquimod and cellular membrane fractions from bacteria are already licensed for use in patens. Others including IL-2, IL-7, IL-12, various chemokines, synthetic cytosine phosphate-guanosine oligodeoxynucleotides and glucans are currently been investigated in clinical and preclinical studies.

Immunomodulatory regimes offer an attractive approach as they often have fewer side effects than the existing drugs, including less potential for creating resistance in microbial disease. Immune effector cells such as lymphocytes, macrophages dendritic cells, natural killer cells, cytotoxic T lymphocytes work together to defend the body against cancer by targeting abnormal antigens expressed on the surface of the tumor due to mutation.

For this special issue; researchers are encouraged to send in their manuscripts covering the following topics:

1. Autologous immune enhancement therapies
2. Vaccination
3. Cancer immunotherapy
4. Immunosuppressive drugs
5. Allergen immunotherapy
6. Helminthic therapies
7. Genetically engineered T cells
8. T cell adoptive transfer
9. Dendritic cell-based immunotherapy